This week we are exploring the reasons that the US government sought colonial rule over regions of the Caribbean and South Pacific at the turn of the 20th century. The legitimacy of US authority over commonwealths like Puerto Rico, Guam, Samoa and even the statehood of Hawaii remain controversial issues in modern society. This week's blog asks that you read some articles on contemporary nationalist movements and analyze the call for independence that is becoming a strong political movement among indigenous people in these areas.
Directions:
Actively read the following articles on independence movements in Hawaii and Puerto Rico
A)Hawaii
http://www.hawaii-nation.org/rebuilding-kingdom.html
A)Hawaii
http://www.hawaii-nation.org/rebuilding-kingdom.html
Summarize the articles and explain the reasons why Puerto Rican and Hawaiian nationalists feel their homelands should be granted full independence by the US government.
In your opinion, would autonomy and self-rule benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico or exacerbate poverty and other problems that exist in these areas today? Explain using support from the article, your knowledge of history and any outside sources that you may use to further research this assignment. If you read other sources, be sure to cite the URL or newssource in your post.
minimum 200 words, please comment on the post of one of your peers.
Due Friday 3/7 before class.
Due Friday 3/7 before class.
30 comments:
The articles “Rebuilding a Hawaii Kingdom” by Tomas Alex and “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac portray the utmost desire both countries have, as they seek to receive full independence from the United States. Hawaiians believe their native values to be essential to the true value and culture of Hawaii. Thus, in pursuit to continue Hawaiian tradition, the fight for independence from the United States continues.
The native Hawaiians who desire their old ways to return believe Hawaii to have been stolen by America. Admitted into the Union on August 21, 1959, Hawaii has been restricted to the control and influence of the United States. Yet native Hawaiians are sick and tired of being controlled, as they will forever portray their deep love and passion for their homeland. Native Hawaiians feel responsible to bring alive the core of Hawaiian life. As for people of Puerto Rico, they too desire change and independence. Under the control of the United States since 1898, those who live in Puerto Rico do not even have the right to vote in presidential elections. Not only does Puerto Rico fail to be represented in Congress, yet the country is in desperate need of economic enhancement. Thus, Puerto Ricans highly believe their independence from America will benefit their society by allowing them to prosper independently.
In my opinion, autonomy and self-rule will only benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico if they prove their self-ambition and self-determination to be true. In order to prosper independently, the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico must be dedicated to work their way up economically. Not only would the countries have to cooperate in choosing a government, they would have to cooperate in the creation of laws as well. Starting from scratch isn’t easy, thus creating a high chance for the countries to exacerbate poverty and other problems. However in “Rebuilding a Hawaii Kingdom”, the Hawaiian natives are already proving their determination through the development of the Pu'uhonua o Waimanalo village. This village illustrates the true desire that the natives of Hawaii have to save and preserve their culture, tradition and life. Nonetheless, breaking free from the United States has its pro’s and con’s, but the results would evidently depend on the populace and their ambition to prosper well.
In a place known as Hawaiians' Hawaii at the edge of Oahu, some 10,000 locals rule the lands. There are no five-star hotels to be found or beautiful resorts. Hawaiian is taught as the first language and tourists are hated. Most people in Hawaiians' Hawaii believe that the islands of Hawaii have been stolen from Kanaka Maoli, the ancient Polynesian and will some day return to his rightful rule. In some neighborhoods the American flag and the Hawaiian hang upside down, a symbol of defiance. Dennis "Bumpy" Kanahele, 51, is a descendant of King Kamehameha I, bears some of his physical features and claims that if Kamehameha were here today, he said, the king would be uniting his people as he did two centuries ago. Bumpy is a local hero as he has done what nobody has done before; he battled the strongest politicians and won a piece of land that real Hawaiians can rightfully call their own. When Bumpy set out on his mission, even the oldest descendants criticized him. Now they all worship him as they agree that they do not owe anything to the United States. "Today, the state's estimated 240,000 native Hawaiians-make up about 20% of the population and fare poorest in almost all socioeconomic indicators. They have the state's worst health statistics, highest number of school dropouts, highest unemployment rate and highest levels of incarceration." But natives like Bumpy are still determined for their cause and wish upon total independence from the United States. He has led numerous violent revolts retaking local beaches and neighborhoods he claims were stolen lands with a shotty in his right hand and Clinton's "Apology Resolution" in the other. "This is the beginning, brah, just the beginning," says Bumpy.
On Sept. 23, 2005, at the age of 72, Filiberto Ojeda Rios was shot and left to bleed by the FBI. Although he hasn't participated in armed conflicts for more than fifteen years, the FBI still largely pursued him and company as they were considered a terroristic threat. On that day in September, Puerto Ricans didn't work, every Puerto Rican business was closed and banks weren't open. Filiberto Ojeda Rios was the founder and longtime leader of the Popular Boricua Army, a militant wing of the Puerto Rican pro-independence movement. Puerto Rico has been under U.S. control since 1898 and although this fact, Puerto Ricans aren't allowed to vote or have representation in Congress. Though many Puerto Ricans feel that they would be better off on their own, they know they wouldn't. About 50% of Puerto Ricans are below the poverty line. Puerto Rico's per capita income is less than Mississippi's, the poorest state, with just above $20k. As with the Hawaiians, the Puerto Ricans also looked towards violence to show their attitude towards the United States. After his assassination in 2005, Rios has made a profound effect on his fellow Puerto Ricans. Information was requested on the shootings and chases were dropped in the suing of the FBI. For over a hundred years Puerto Ricans have constantly challenged the U.S. authority over them, and for many more years to come they will continue to fight for what they believe is theirs.
Autonomy and self-rule would destroy both Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Neither has experienced leadership for more than a century and both lack experienced leadership. If any of these countries were to have won their independence they would automatically crumble and fall to the bottom on the list of the poorest countries in the world.
Question:
Out of the two countries we read about which would you prefer to live in? Why?
Elizabeth Che
Block B - AP US History
“Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” by Tomas Alex Tizon of the Los Angeles Times describes the actions of Hawaiian activist, Kanahele and sentiments towards Hawaiian independence. Focused in Waimanalo, Hawaii, the scenery of hula dancers greeting tourists with leis, luxurious five-star hotels and tourist-happy attractions are not what visitors will find. Instead, “they’ll find a sleepy, rough-edged working-class town of 10,000 people, some of whom don’t like tourists and don’t mind saying so.” As Jacob mentions, Hawaii is believed to someday “return to the Kanaka Maoli, the ancient Polynesians who settled the islands.”
Dennis “Bumpy” Kanahele, a descendent of King Kamehameha, is a strong advocate of Hawaiian independence. Gathering the Hawaiians together, Kanahele tries to roundup more supporters for a Hawaiian sovereignty. Tizon also notes Kamehameha’s remarkable feat of carving “out a little kingdom within a kingdom, allowing natives to live by their own rules and revive the ways of the Kanaka Maoli.” Known as a hero, Kanahele is quoted to define sovereignty as “standing here on your land, not owning anything to anybody, not being afraid of anyone, knowing you fought the right fight with attitude.”
The Hawaiian people were not left unheard; Tizan further notes a consideration of a “Hawaiian sovereignty law known as the Akaka bill, named after its chief sponsor and the first native Hawaiian in Congress.” This bill would recognize the native Hawaiians as the government recognized Native Americans and Native Alaskans as well as to allow native Hawaiians to set up their own government. However, for the past years, the Akaka bill was blocked in concern that casinos will be built.
Hawaiian nationalists such as Dennis “Bumpy” Kanahele felt Hawaii should be granted full independence by the US government as a way to “right the wrong of 1893 when U.S. troops helped overthrow the Hawaiian monarchy, leading to annexation and statehood, and, for the Kanaka Maoli, loss of kingdom and an ancient way of life.” American hostilities and acts of defiance further supports the nationalistic views of sovereignty as a right of their past. In such efforts, Hawaiian activists continue to work towards a future independence.
Meanwhile, “FBI Witch Hunt Strokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac of AlterNet, describes a nationalistic movement with the perspective on Puerto Rico. Starting off by noting the death of Filiberto Ojedas Rios, the founder and leader of the Pupular Boricua Army / Lost Macheteros, a militant wing of the Puerto Rican pro-independence movement,” the FBI is portrayed as the antagonist who shot Rios in his home and left him “to bleed to death” despite the inactiveness of Lost Macheteros over the past 15 years.
Like Kanahele in Waimanalo in Hawaii, Christopher Torres, Tania Frontera and Julio Antonio Pab n Jr. are activists who tried to “wrest control of the island from the US government.” Torres and Frontera as Pupovac states, successfully forced the U.S. Navy off the island of Vieques. On a less dramatic hand, Pab n Jr. coordinated “a visit by The Welfare Poets, a radical arts collective and supporters of Puerto Rican independence, to Wesleyan University.” All three were “handed with subpoenas by the FBI/NYPD Anti-Terrorism Task Force and, after securing a postponement, were ordered to testify before a grand jury.” Surprisingly, Pupovac points out the increased suspicion of all opposition to U.S. sovereignty which relates back to the grand jury subpoena. Using repression to keep rebellious attitudes at bay, pro-independence activists faced punishments such as time in jail. In a similar event, “the criminalization of the Puerto Rican independence movement in the late 1970s forced many prominent leaders underground and, to many, reinforced the idea that independence could not be achieved through diplomatic means.”
Puerto Rican nationalists desired full independence as well for they are subject to US laws with no representation in Congress and no right to vote in presidential elections. Despite some Puerto Ricans fear in changing the status quo and removal from the US tutelage, Pupovac states that they are suffering from worse economics than any state in the Union.
Autonomy and self rule would benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico only if they put out the necessary efforts to maintain the social, economic, and political aspects on their own. Similar to Heather’s view, dedication is needed to replace the support the United States provided. As noted from the respective articles, Hawaii is noted by Tizon to have “240,000 native Hawaiians ... make up about 20% of the population and fare poorest in almost all socioeconomic indicators. They have the state’s worst health statistics, highest number of school dropouts, highest unemployment rate and highest levels of incarceration.” Similarly Pupovac notes that “almost half of Puerto Ricans live below the poverty line, and a third of its population unemployed.” The statistics show part of the depressing aspects of the area while under the control of the United States. With the desired independence, the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico may live without the suppressive forces of the US and so, improve their conditions based on their own morals and customs.
Response to Jakub’s Question
Out of the two countries, I would prefer to live in Hawaii due to the unmentioned suppressive forces. Although the Hawaiians desire their own sovereignty, living in a tribal village is not quite bad. As mentioned in the article, “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom,” the community appears to be close and supportive rather than the portrayed dangers in Puerto Rico. However, seeing as I have horrible experiences in hot and humid areas I opt a third choice of neither.
The articles “Rebuilding a Hawaii Kingdom” by Tomas Alex and “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac both raise the motion that these 'colonies' deserve to be granted full independence by the United States government, or a return to their old ways.
My opinions are mixed on the matter, I feel as though belonging to the United States entitles you to higher economic standing, and a better chance at success. However, if I were to walk in the shoes of a native Hawaiian or Puerto Rican, then I'd feel as though the land I've been living on is stolen, and I would like it returned to me.
What I find to be so unusual about Hawaii is that, despite the high amount of tourism and the revenue it brings, Hawaiians are still dissatisfied with statehood. Granted, the land was stolen, but it's not like they're impoverished or dying of hunger. And they're economic standing is right alongside that of the United States.
However, I can sympathize with Puerto Rico because they're a possession of the United States, but they have yet to be granted Statehood, which doesn't entitle them for a seat in congress, or a say in who's the president. The Puerto Rican economy is currently in shambles. This is the time where it desperately needs statehood, for the economic benefits and it does not receive it.
In my opinion, these places deserve their independence and should reserve their right to govern themselves in a way that they see fit. However, I don't think the United States should allow this to happen unless they're sure that they're not losing out on potential trade and land.
The articles “Rebuilding a Hawaii Kingdom” by Tomas Alex and “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac both raise the motion that these 'colonies' deserve to be granted full independence by the United States government, or a return to their old ways.
My opinions are mixed on the matter, I feel as though belonging to the United States entitles you to higher economic standing, and a better chance at success. However, if I were to walk in the shoes of a native Hawaiian or Puerto Rican, then I'd feel as though the land I've been living on is stolen, and I would like it returned to me.
What I find to be so unusual about Hawaii is that, despite the high amount of tourism and the revenue it brings, Hawaiians are still dissatisfied with statehood. Granted, the land was stolen, but it's not like they're impoverished or dying of hunger. And they're economic standing is right alongside that of the United States.
However, I can sympathize with Puerto Rico because they're a possession of the United States, but they have yet to be granted Statehood, which doesn't entitle them for a seat in congress, or a say in who's the president. The Puerto Rican economy is currently in shambles. This is the time where it desperately needs statehood, for the economic benefits and it does not receive it.
In my opinion, these places deserve their independence and should reserve their right to govern themselves in a way that they see fit. However, I don't think the United States should allow this to happen unless they're sure that they're not losing out on potential trade and land.
Ashley Aydin.
AP US– Block B.
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Generally, independence is the political status which most countries have opted to adopt. This status option gives a nation the right to govern itself and become the owner of its own destiny. Independence empowers a nation's citizens to interact freely with the rest of the world, while retaining the power to rule over the country's affairs. A lack of independence means that the most essential decisions of the nation are ruled over by a foreign government – the situation of Hawaii and Puerto Rico.
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THE SOVEREIGNTY OF HAWAII
With the matter of Hawaii, the people of the United States find themselves in a position forced to choose between moral and ethical points. The question of Hawaiian independence carries the potential of inconvenience, seeing that Americans have the only option of supporting the status quo - having to admit that they are not the champions of justice they imagine themselves to be. Hawaii's path from a sovereign and independent nation, to annexed territory, to a state, was done in violation of past laws and treaties. Commonly, many citizens have opposed the annexation of Hawaii. Yet, simple greed and military interest overrode concerns, moral right, and legality. Despairingly, Hawaii's legitimate government was toppled using threat of American military force.
“Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” by Tomas Alex Tizon from the Los Angeles Times highlighted the common viewpoints of Hawaiians and how strongly they feel about their desired independence. "The government will never give back our land. How about if we just take it back?" Seemingly, many Hawaiians believe that their territory was stolen from them to the benefit of wealthy American plantation owners and military interests. Overthrown on Jan. 17, 1893, by a relatively small group of men, Americans seized control of the islands with the backing of troops sent ashore from a warship in Honolulu Harbor. To this "superior force of the United States of America," Queen Lili`uokalani yielded her throne, under protest, in order to avoid bloodshed, trusting that the United States government would right the wrong that had been done to her and the Hawaiian people. Nonetheless, the topic was and still is continually overlooked and disregarded.
Today, the Hawaii Independence movement is steadily growing as Hawaii continues to work toward an self-sufficient, multi-racial, multi-ethnic country. Still, the united effort hasn’t been steady enough. In order to pursue action, Hawaiians must reach a widespread aim, making success certain. “Standing here on your land, not owing anything to anybody, not being afraid of anyone, knowing you fought the right fight with attitude — and looking out at that. This is the beginning, brah, just the beginning."
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THE SOVEREINTY OF PUERTO RICO
After the Spanish-American War, Spain ceded to the United States, for a payment of $20 million some islands among which were Cuba, the Philippines and Puerto Rico. Both, Cuba and the Philippines achieved independence with force. Many brave Puerto Ricans continued to fight the United States but were subverted by the military. Accordingly, by the Jones Act in 1917, Congress shrewdly decided to call Puerto Ricans "citizens."
“FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac acknowledges the attempts to publicize the radical actions taken by countless Puerto Ricans. "The idea that you can sell to the world that you are a democracy, a benign empire, that you struggle for human rights and self-determination -- the Puerto Rican independence movement is constantly challenging that.” Although the United States House of Representatives has passed several bills that define Puerto Rico's independence in accordance to the Puerto Rican Independence Party’s definition of sovereignty, the measures haven’t been fully standardized. Many Puerto Ricans believe that plenary powers over its national territory and international relations will provide for a republican form of government that will guarantee and protect human rights. Furthermore, many inhabitants remain supportive of a process of negotiation that will lead to the withdrawal of all U.S. Military personnel and achieve the eventual demilitarization of the country.
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Concerning autonomy and self-rule, the economic status of Hawaii and Puerto Rico will positively ease once independence is achieved. “Though many Puerto Ricans fear changing the status quo and removing the island nation from U.S. tutelage, they are currently worse off economically than any state in the Union.” Undoubtedly, freedom is the enjoyment of sovereignty, which is a key element to achieve significant economic advancement. “Today, the state's estimated 240,000 native Hawaiians — those with 50% or more Hawaiian blood — make up about 20% of the population and fare poorest in almost all socioeconomic indicators. They have the state's worst health statistics, highest number of school dropouts, highest unemployment rate and highest levels of incarceration.” Self-rule would stimulate national industry, agriculture, and commerce, while further regulating immigration and international treaties - permitting the expansion of markets and foreign investment.
Nevertheless, the United States offers beneficial governmental programs which pertain to all populations. By becoming independent, Social Security, Medicare ,and veterans' pensions will no longer be available to Hawaii and/or Puerto Rico. Accordingly, both territories will have to present treaties including economic aid to enable the transformation of their presently dependent economies into productive and sustainable sectors.
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*Response To Heather’s Comment
Heather’s ideas about the economic determination of Hawaii and Puerto Rico prove reasonable. Exceptionally, she explains that ambition is what will make both territories flourish. In order to achieve great fiscal status, nations must expand and maintain standards based upon growth and development. If granted independence, Hawaii and/or Puerto Rico must consider such action.
Teresa Konopka
AP US
With imperialism on the run, the United States sought its greedy sights on islands. With excellent access to the sea, Roosevelt and other national leaders wanted to enhance America's naval forces. Unfortunately, native inhibitors did not always comply.
According to Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom from the Los Angelos Times, the people of Hawaii loathe Americans. To them, they were just white men stealing their homeland. Many uprisings occurred and leaders stepped out as activists. Unfortunately, Hawaiian anger was no match for American supremacy. Regardless of popular outcry, the Americans ultimately annexed Hawaii. The article speaks of a land of oppressed people whom hate tourists. They do not want their islands to be hotel resorts or spa centers--they just want their islands to be home to ancient customs and traditions. Even though the Hawaiians ended up losing their struggle against America, they still were able to live ion their land, as summarized at the bottom of the article. To sum it up, Hawaiians kept their lives but lost their dignity.
According to FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement by
Jessica Pupovac, Puerto Ricans fought for independence and lost. The main activist for Puerto Rican independence was assassinated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. This leader’s group / gang was then subpoenaed into court. There, they were expected to rat on their freedom chums and give the FBI some insider information. When some members did not comply, they were put in jail. “Filiberto Ojeda Rios was the founder and longtime leader of the Popular Boricua Army, or Los Macheteros, a militant wing of the Puerto Rican pro-independence movement. He was shot by FBI agents in his home on Sept. 23, 2005, at the age of 72, and left to bleed to death.” This quote illustrates how brutally the U.S. went about making sure that Puerto Rico was on a short leash.
In some ways, self-rule would benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico. For instance, the people would join together under a ruler who values their independence. Also, they would keep their native traditions alive. However, with a lack of interference from national powers, poverty could worsen. Still, for some inhibitors, poverty is a price they’re willing to pay to keep their homeland out of the hands of imperialists.
Response to AP peer:
If I could live in either Puerto Rico or Hawaii, I would pick Puerto Rico. Firstly, I take Spanish and would be able to understand native colloquialisms. Secondly, I relish the idea that independence was coveted so much that activists were willing to go to jail and die for their convictions. Still, as a white woman, I might be stereotyped as a capitalistic fat cat.
Qadeem G., G Block
Both Puerto Rico and Hawaii are seeking to become independent countries and instead of being occupied by the United States.The Hawaiians themselves as well as Puerto Ricans work very hard and just barely make it. These countries would suffer without the support of the United States but they believe that they're united enough that they can do on their own. Even though these countries are occupied by the United States they have no say in the U.S. government nor can they vote. The United States is wrong for their acts of imperialism and stalling the acts that would give both of these countries more freedom."The U.S. Senate is considering a Hawaiian sovereignty law known as the Akaka bill, named after its chief sponsor and the first native Hawaiian in Congress. The bill, which has stalled in the Senate the past five years, was blocked again Wednesday by a Nevada senator concerned that it might encourage Hawaiians to build casinos. Both Hawaii senators said they had secured enough support to pass the bill if it ever made it to a vote."This stalling is absurd!Hawaii's capital is 20,000 which is really low.
Furthermore,Puerto Rico as well as Hawaii are suffering from poverty and droughts.The exploitation of Hawaii for the use of tourist and vaction spots is inhumane when it doesn't help the economy as well.The same goes for Puerto Rico as well.
Autonomy and self-rule might benefit Puerto Rico and Hawaii depending on the amount of resources they have as well as the type of skills they have.The amount of allies they could recieve help from alo depends on whether automony and self-rule would work for them.But the United States exploiting and manipulating Puerto Rico and the United States is inhumane.
Both Hawaii and Puerto Rico are remnants of the days of U.S. imperialism, two of the last to have reclaimed their own independence. Neither area "joined" the United States of their own accord, and now both want to leave of their own accord.
"Rebuilding a Hawaiian Nations," zeroes in on precisely how much Hawaiians want their own nation, exemplified by the village Pu'uhonua o Waimanalo, which is a kind of self governing traditional village within Hawaii.
“FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement,” shows the same thing, but this time emphasizing more of the downright battling between the States and Puerto Rico, especially with the use of the Supreme Court and counts of treason towards radical Puerto Rican independents.
Hawaii was its own nation before the U.S. came, possesing its own laws and government. The national idenity of Hawaii is obvious and evident. Puerto Rico, on the other hand, was never a nation in the modern sense. The island was stolen first from the Native Americans, then from the losers of the Spanish-American war. It does, however, still have a unique and distinct national idenitity.
Autonomy and self-rule are always a good thing. Poverty and other problems that exist in Puerto Rico and Hawaii can be better combated by a small government that knows its people and knows what will work for the people. The Roman Empire fell because, in the end, it was just too big. Likewise, the United States government cannot properly focus on these problems. Self-government would not exacerbate problems within Puerto Rico and Hawaii; it would be the solution to the problem!
Jakub: I would prefer to live in Hawaiii mainly because of their unique culture and history. Not that Puerto Rico doesn't have a rich culture and history, too, it's just that Hawaiian history is just a bit more interesting to me.
John Harden
Block B
Colonization of Hawaii and Puerto Rico came about as a solution to a large problem within America’s economy. The United States of America was over producing many materials during the late 1800s. With such an excess of material, the United States needed to form a trade partnership with many nations in order to trade in the materials for cash. However, many small island nations were already colonized loosely by European powers such as the Spanish. In order to gain more opportunities for trade, the United States quickly swept up Spanish colonial rule where it existed and replaced it with American colonization. Under this imperialism, nations such as Puerto Rico and Hawaii were forced into trade agreements with the United States, solving the economy problem and creating a social problem for the native islanders.
Hawaii became a state shortly after colonization during the American imperialist run. According to Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom by Tomas Alex Tizon, “Those who step off the bus (tourists visiting Hawaii) won't find hula dancers greeting them with leis, or five-star hotels, or even two-star ones. They'll find a sleepy, rough-edged, working-class town of 10,000 people, some of whom don't like tourists and don't mind saying so.” The people of Hawaii since the day their land became property of America have been fighting bitterly against it. The nationalists of Hawaii even go as far as hanging American flags upside down as an act of complete and utter defiance. A direct descendent of the late Hawaiian monarch King Kamahameha the first, Dennis "Bumpy" Kanahele, ahs been leading nationalist movement for independence in Hawaii since a very young age. He has even gained a small piece of land for Hawaii to call its own. He believes that if his late ancestor was still alive today, he would be rallying the people against the American government. Natives are so against American state hood not just for the reason of how they were acquired by the United States but also for socio-economic reasons. 20 percent of all islanders make up the extreme lower class, these are mostly natives. Big industry from America has been setting up large industry and hotel chains which take money and employment from the native Hawaiians. If Hawaii gains independence peacefully and politically from the United States there is a small possibility they could solve their poverty problem. Although a small nation, Hawaii is filled with raw materials which are sought after by the rest of the world. Their economy would easily rise by itself and under a modern liberal government the poverty problem could slowly be solved with strong government aid. The only problem an independent Hawaii would face is lack of self protection from outside dangers, the only thing holding European nations back from grabbing Hawaii is the United Nations.
Puerto Rico on the other hand never reached state status and has been a commonwealth of the United States for quite some time. Recently a leader of a revolutionary independence movement in Puerto Rico, even at age 72, Filiberto Ojeda Rios was shot and killed by the American FBI. Although in the past he was involved in illegal drug trade, the old man had not participated in such illicit crimes for a long time. He, however did found and lead Popular Boricua Army against the United States government in protestation for self rule. The United States government certainly did not enjoy his presence and was probably pleased to here the Filiberto had fallen. Under the United States rule 50% of Puerto Ricans are below the poverty line and Puerto Rico's per capita income is less than Mississippi's which is the poorest state in America. Puerto Rican’s could certainly try to fight for self rule at this time but would probably not succeed due to a lack of non-violent movements which are predominate in the region. If by some crazy fluke Puerto Rico successfully gained independence from the United States of America, they would certainly not be able to rule themselves successfully. Their poverty rate is extremely high along with crime. They have close to absolutely no political experience at this time and their nation would slowly fall into a even deeper black abyss of poverty.
In response to Jakub’s question, I would rather reside in Hawaii due to its higher standard of living.
In the articles " Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom" by T.A. Tizon and " FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement" by Jessica Pupovac, the US government influence is being portrayed in somewhat negative lights. Hawaiian and Puerto Rican nationalists feel that their homelands should be granted full independence because they were taken by such force at a time in which they were weak, but since then, their economies have grown. Many natives are not fond of the tourists their homelands bring in, and feel as if their economy can rely on agriculture and textiles as well. Tourism just further sweeps the problems the region has under the carpet, disguising it with palm trees and pineapples.
-->In my opinion, autonomy and self-rule can benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico, but they must be eased into those systems. They need solid ground to work with, both literally and figuratively. By putting those who are impoverished into the workforce by having them work in plantations will help, along with free schooling for them to learn about what is available to them. These however, are not third world nations, as Hawaii and Puerto Rico are right now both part of the United States in their own ways [Hawaii is a state, and some people think Puerto Rico is too, but we know it isn't]. I agree with Heather in saying that their self-ambition and determination needs to be true to successfully be autonomous and self ruling.
Michelle Shed
Block H
AP US History
Thomas Alex Tizon's " Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom," published in The Los Angeles Times, and Jessica Pupovac's "FBI Witch hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement," discuss Puerto Rican and Hawaiian Independence. Both articles portray the beliefs of Puerto Rican and Hawaiian nationalists wanting their homelands to be granted full independence by the US government. As regions colonized by the United States during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the rage and concerns of the Puerto Ricans and Hawaiians is understandable.
In “ Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom,” Tomas Alex Tizon describes the dissatisfaction of Hawaiian natives in an Oahu village called Waimanalo. In this village, Hawaiian is taught as a first language in some schools and spoken among neighbors. This village is place where it is widely held that Hawaii was stolen by the United States and that someday these lands will return to the Kanaka Maoli, the ancient Polynesians who settled the islands. Many residents, such as Dennis "Bumpy" Kanahele, 51 believe that if King Kamehameha I was still alive, he’d want to unite the Hawaiian people as he did two hundred years ago. Kanahele is a Hawaiian activist and is quite known for carving out a little kingdom within a kingdom, allowing natives to live by their own rules and revive the ways of the Kanaka Maoli. Basically, there is a movement going around that states that the Hawaiians want their own sovereignty. In fact, The U.S. Senate is considering a Hawaiian sovereignty law known as the Akaka bill, named after its chief sponsor and the first native Hawaiian in Congress. A Nevada senator, concerned that it might encourage Hawaiians to build casinos blocked the bill, which has stalled in the Senate the past five years, again Wednesday. Yet, what the Hawaiians really want is to be recognized federally, just like the American Indians and Native Alaskans. It would also initiate a process under which native Hawaiians could set up their own government, giving them the same nation-within-a-nation status as Indian tribes. According to Tomas Alex Tizon, a native government would represent Hawaiians in negotiations with the federal government over contested land and resources, including nearly 2 million acres once owned by the Hawaiian monarchy — nearly half the state. Men like Kanahele believe that if the government won't give the natives back their land, and then they should take it for themselves. Khanaele once said, " "This is what sovereignty is to me," he said. "Standing here on your land, not owing anything to anybody, not being afraid of anyone, knowing you fought the right fight with attitude — and looking out at that. This is the beginning, brah, just the beginning."
In Jessica Pupovac's " FBI Witch hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement," there is a Puerto Rican struggle to wrest control of the island from the U.S. government. Three New Yorkers were affiliated with this struggle. Social worker Christopher Torres, graphic designer Tania Frontera and filmmaker Julio Antonio Pabón Jr. -- were recently handed subpoenas by the FBI/NYPD Anti-Terrorism Task Force and, after securing a postponement, were ordered to testify before a grand jury Feb. 1 at the Eastern District court in Brooklyn. Torres and Frontera were both supporters of the successful struggle to force the U.S. Navy off the island of Vieques, which was used for decades as a bomb range and weapons testing ground. Many Puerto Ricans are furious because they have no representation in Congress and have no right to vote in presidential elections. Even though many Puerto Ricans fear changing the status quo and removing the island nation from U.S. tutelage, they are currently worse off economically than any state in the Union. The per capita income in Puerto Rico is $20,058, less than that of Mississippi, the poorest state. Almost half of Puerto Ricans live below the poverty line, and a third of its population is unemployed. The Puerto Ricans want self-determination and political independence.
Autonomy and self-rule wouldn't really benefit the natives, as they would only make poverty worse. As colonies of the United States, both are able to achieve some status quo and have a limited democracy. If Puerto Rico and Hawaii were independent nations, the result could cause an anarchist government and other countries might try to colonize them themselves.
Anam Baig, Block B, 3/5/08
The Article Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom by Tomas Alex Tizon is about a man fighting for Hawaii’s sovereignty. Dennis "Bumpy" Kanahele became an advocate for Hawaiian sovereignty and worked hard to set up a community where native Hawaiians can live peacefully under their own cultural values and rules. The article talks about how many Hawaiians feel that the US took Hawaii forcefully and exploit it as a tourist attraction. Many Hawaiians are living in poverty while the US thrives off the money made from tourism. The article also discusses the desire for self rule in Hawaii, completely separate from the US.
In the article about Puerto Rico, there are references to similar issues, such as poverty and oppression. The US government is attempting to squash out all opposition against its rule. Puerto Ricans, like the Hawaiians, are pushing for self rule but are receiving as little attention from the United States government as possible.
Allowing Hawaii and Puerto Rico their own government is quite unrealistic. As of now, both areas are heavily leaning on the US government. One has to question whether or not these areas have the ability to rule themselves without being reliant on another nation. Poverty levels might be too high, and creating a new government creates chaos and confusion. It is also very time consuming. Establishing a new government takes years. If the new country is in a state of crisis or unrest, then establishing a government would be tumulus. As it is, both Hawaii and Puerto Rico are quite poor, with a large chunk of the population in both areas impoverished. Perhaps allowing these areas their own government might be beneficial, but realistically, it is not ideal.
Response to Jakub:
I would definitely love to live in Hawaii because I love the culture and the passion of the people. Although much of Hawaii is just a tourist attraction, I would love to live in a place that is like summer vacation all year around. Also, as evident in the articles, Hawaii seems better off than Puerto Rico in terms of the economy. Although the poverty levels are high Hawaii is still higher than Puerto Rico.
Rachel Geissler
Tomas Alex Tizon’s “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” was featured in LA Times and discusses the efforts of native Hawaiians to reclaim supreme rule over their land. In 1893, they were annexed and eventually granted statehood, despite the fact that many Hawaiians didn’t even desire such things. Their monarchy was overthrown and the United States government took over, phasing out Hawaiian traditions and killing the Hawaiian heritage. However, in efforts to revive the Hawaiian culture and hopefully cause it to thrive in the future, some natives have created a village in which they live as though they were under Hawaiian rule, not American rule. “In the foothills above town, there is a village unlike any other in Hawaii. It's called Pu'uhonua o Waimanalo ("Refuge of Waimanalo"), a community of 80 native Hawaiians living communally on 45 acres. If Waimanalo is a stronghold of Hawaiian sovereignty, the village is its spiritual center.” Currently, there is a proposal for a bill that would grant Hawaiian sovereignty, called the Akaka Bill, up for decision in the United States Senate. Should this bill be passed, the Hawaiians would be granted rights similar to those rights that the Native Americans have been granted. However, some Senate members fear that granting such freedoms to Hawaii could only lead to bad thing such as higher rates of poverty, high school dropouts, and casinos; thus, the bill as been basically shelved for the past five years. The Hawaiians feel that the United States enforced its own values. Basically the United States offered help when and where it wasn’t welcomed; thus, they annexed Hawaii unrightfully and unfairly.
In “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement”, Jessica Pupovac talks about the Puerto Rican fight for freedom from the United States. Living conditions in Puerto Rico are terrible. Despite their guaranteed rights equivalent to those of any other United States citizen, Puerto Rico does not have any voice or representation in the United States government. It’s super unfair and thus it only makes sense that Puerto Rico would want to break out from under the thumb of America. Furthermore, “the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization has for decades repeatedly condemned Puerto Rico's status and called on the U.S. to return occupied land, release political prisoners and allow Puerto Ricans the right of self-determination and independence.” Despite the fact that many organizations, including the United Nations, the United States still has the audacity to decline Puerto Rico of its freedom. If they have so much backing, it seems like Puerto Rico deserves the freedom for which they’re asking.
If Hawaii and Puerto Rico were granted autonomy and self-rule, they’d be able to break away from the poverty in which they’re currently immersed. It’s rather obvious that the United States standard of government is rather futile as of yet. Consider the high rates of poverty, unemployment, homelessness, and high school drop out rates. They’re ever increasing. Something definitely isn’t right there. Thus, perhaps if Hawaii and Puerto Rico set up their own governments, they’d be able to cater specifically to the need of native Hawaiians and Puerto Ricans. They know what they need. The United States laws that are currently applied are created by people who don’t witness the life in Hawaii and/or Puerto Rico. Thus, they can’t be properly aiding the two places as well as they need to be. Perhaps the United States government should grant sovereignty to both territories but guide them if asked to by either territory. Therefore, both nations would be able to thrive and have help when they need it that they can fall back on. Heather and Ashley both rose the an excellent point with which I whole-heartedly agree – “In order to achieve great fiscal status, nations must expand and maintain standards based upon growth and development.” Such standards have a better chance of being successful once they’re established based upon the said territory’s needs.
While both Hawaii and Puerto Rico have been under United States control for many years now, many groups in both of the areas feel it is time for their communites to become self-governing and independent. However, as expected, the United States government does not want to give up their land.
The main question regarding the independance of Hawaii and Puerto Rico is that of poverty. As Kasey stated in her post, a small government that knows its people would be very effective
in the immidiate future, but the question of the far future remains- would sucession be the answer to all of Hawaii/Puerto Rico's problems? No, of course not. If the radical groups in either of the areas were to have thier demands brought to light, the two fledgling nations would likely go the way of Romania immediately after the Communist party left power in that nation. While many of the immidate problems would be solved by a small government, the two nations would have very weak economies in the future without the suppourt of one of the 'global powers' of the EU or US behind them.
While a completely new nation born of radical beliefs is in no way the answer to anything, partial self government could well be. With the United States still represented in the governments of Hawaii and Puerto Rico, the countries could have lasting economies and not run the risk of becoming third-world countries or colonized by some forign power.
While both Hawaii and Puerto Rico have been under United States control for many years now, many groups in both of the areas feel it is time for their communites to become self-governing and independent. However, as expected, the United States government does not want to give up their land.
The main question regarding the independance of Hawaii and Puerto Rico is that of poverty. As Kasey stated in her post, a small government that knows its people would be very effective
in the immidiate future, but the question of the far future remains- would sucession be the answer to all of Hawaii/Puerto Rico's problems? No, of course not. If the radical groups in either of the areas were to have thier demands brought to light, the two fledgling nations would likely go the way of Romania immediately after the Communist party left power in that nation. While many of the immidate problems would be solved by a small government, the two nations would have very weak economies in the future without the suppourt of one of the 'global powers' of the EU or US behind them.
While a completely new nation born of radical beliefs is in no way the answer to anything, partial self government could well be. With the United States still represented in the governments of Hawaii and Puerto Rico, the countries could have lasting economies and not run the risk of becoming third-world countries or colonized by some forign power.
Justin Lefkowitz
AP US History
I never really knew that Hawaii did not want to be a part of the United States until I read "Rebuilding a Hawaii Kingdom" by Tomas Alex Tizon. In this article from the LA Times, it is said that Hawaiians want to gain their independence from the United States. Many of the Hawaiians feel that they are their own country to begin with. They are not attached to the United States to begin with and the Hawaiians feel like their state is not one with the country. Besides this, many Hawaiians believe that Hawaii was taken away from the Hawaiians when they became an American state in 1959.
Puerto Rico, unlike Hawaii, is not one of the American states, but it has been under the control of the United States since 1898. Puerto Rico is a commonwealth, which some people consider a state, of the United States. Puerto Ricans are subject to the laws of the United States, even though they do not have any representatives in Congress and they cannot vote in any U.S. elections. Many Puerto Ricans want freedom from the United States, but I don’t think it will ever happen, unless a rebellion breaks out.
I honestly believe that autonomy and self-rule would benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico. According to Tomas Alex Tizon’s article in the LA Times, some parts of Hawaii already have self-governing bodies. In many parts of Hawaii, English isn’t even the first language of people. I think that Hawaii has a lot of potential to succeed on its own. I also believe that Hawaii ditching the U.S. would cause more problems for the United States, more so than Hawaii. Puerto Rico would probably prosper under its own government because then, the Puerto Ricans would finally be able to get a say in what they want. The Puerto Rican poverty rate might be lowered because the people would be in control of whatever happens. In my opinion, I don’t think that Puerto Rico or Hawaii will ever become their own independent nations, unless rebellions and wars are started.
In response to Jakub’s question:
I would rather live in Hawaii because it is more of a city than Puerto Rico is. I would also rather live in Hawaii because I know more information about Hawaii than I do about Puerto Rico. If I don’t have knowledge of where I am living, I really have no desire to live there.
Sarah Berfond
Block B
The article “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac, gives a detailed history of America’s relationship with Puerto Rico and provides a clear and persuasive argument in support of the island’s independence. Puerto Rico has been under US control since 1898. Although they are subject to United States laws, Puerto Ricans don’t have representation in Congress or the right to vote. There are many groups seeking to obtain independence for Puerto Rico however, since 1935, the FBI has been aggressively investigating any person associating with the independence movement. The investigation has included serving subpoenas on many people in the United States and Puerto Rico. When the activists refused to answer the questions, they were held in content and put in prison. The result of the investigation has scared many supporters from expressing themselves. The newest offensive in seeking independence came after the FBI killed Filiberto Ojeda Rios who was an aggressive activist for the movement. Despite these efforts, many Puerto Rican leaders are still fighting for their independence.
“Rebuilding A Hawaiian Kingdom” by Tomas Alex Tizon describes the successful activities of Denis “Bumpy” Kanahele in creating a self governed community of native Hawaiians. Although Hawaii is known for its beaches and tourism, there is a underlying anger held by many of the local residents who resent the United States occupation of their islands. “Bumpy” gathered support from many locals and expressed their need for independence. After fighting with the federal and local governments for many years, an agreement giving “Bumpy’s” group 45 acres in the Hawaiian mountains to develop their own self governed community. The move for special recognition as a sovereign group has gained momentum and many Hawaiians are trying to gain recognition in the same way the United States acknowledged the American Indian and native Alaskans.
It is better to be free and live in poverty then to be dominated by another culture and live comfortably. Native Puerto Ricans and Hawaiians would be better off if they could live in a sovereign state. It is unfair for a foreign country to impose its laws, customs and regulations on another country without giving them representation. Even if independence meant losing financial support from the United States, the sacrifice would be worthwhile. It’s ironic that America is the imperialistic power when the country was born under the concept of freedom and independence. It is time America lets Puerto Rico become self ruled and recognized native Hawaiians as sovereign people.
Response to Rachel’s Comment- I agree that Puerto Rico and Hawaii should have self rule. The United States government does not understand the differences in culture, values and customs between the US and Puerto Rico and Hawaii, causing tension and conflicts. Only the areas understand what is best for their people and can have an effective self rule if given.
Sarah Berfond
Block B
The article “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac, gives a detailed history of America’s relationship with Puerto Rico and provides a clear and persuasive argument in support of the island’s independence. Puerto Rico has been under US control since 1898. Although they are subject to United States laws, Puerto Ricans don’t have representation in Congress or the right to vote. There are many groups seeking to obtain independence for Puerto Rico however, since 1935, the FBI has been aggressively investigating any person associating with the independence movement. The investigation has included serving subpoenas on many people in the United States and Puerto Rico. When the activists refused to answer the questions, they were held in content and put in prison. The result of the investigation has scared many supporters from expressing themselves. The newest offensive in seeking independence came after the FBI killed Filiberto Ojeda Rios who was an aggressive activist for the movement. Despite these efforts, many Puerto Rican leaders are still fighting for their independence.
“Rebuilding A Hawaiian Kingdom” by Tomas Alex Tizon describes the successful activities of Denis “Bumpy” Kanahele in creating a self governed community of native Hawaiians. Although Hawaii is known for its beaches and tourism, there is a underlying anger held by many of the local residents who resent the United States occupation of their islands. “Bumpy” gathered support from many locals and expressed their need for independence. After fighting with the federal and local governments for many years, an agreement giving “Bumpy’s” group 45 acres in the Hawaiian mountains to develop their own self governed community. The move for special recognition as a sovereign group has gained momentum and many Hawaiians are trying to gain recognition in the same way the United States acknowledged the American Indian and native Alaskans.
It is better to be free and live in poverty then to be dominated by another culture and live comfortably. Native Puerto Ricans and Hawaiians would be better off if they could live in a sovereign state. It is unfair for a foreign country to impose its laws, customs and regulations on another country without giving them representation. Even if independence meant losing financial support from the United States, the sacrifice would be worthwhile. It’s ironic that America is the imperialistic power when the country was born under the concept of freedom and independence. It is time America lets Puerto Rico become self ruled and recognized native Hawaiians as sovereign people.
Response to Rachel’s Comment- I agree that Puerto Rico and Hawaii should have self rule. The United States government does not understand the differences in culture, values and customs between the US and Puerto Rico and Hawaii, causing tension and conflicts. Only the areas understand what is best for their people and can have an effective self rule if given.
“Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” by Tomas Alex Tizon and “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac show the yearning of Hawaii and Puerto Rico to declare independence from the United States. Hawaiian activist Kanahele became an advocate for his people and led protests against the “illegal occupation” of Hawaii. He saw homeless people that were Kanaka Maoli camped under palm trees. “How could this happen in their own homeland? he recalled thinking. The next thought changed his life: ‘The government will never give back our land. How about if we just take it back?’” This began the protests on the acreage owned by the state as a part of the “stolen lands.” In addition, the U.S. considered passing a Hawaiian sovereignty law known as the Akaka bill which is named after the first native Hawaiian in Congress. This bill has been delayed for five years in the past and was denied yet again out of fear that it might encourage the building of casinos.
Similarly, in the article regarding Puerto Rico, the author talks about the unfair actions of the FBI, after they shot Filiberto Ojeda Rios, the founder and longtime leader of Los Macheteros. “Although Los Macheteros hasn't participated in armed actions for 15 years, the FBI has continued to aggressively pursue its leadership. It is an effort that has led it to the doors of multiple New Yorkers affiliated in some way with the Puerto Rican struggle to wrest control of the island from the U.S. government.” Similar to Kanahele in the Hawaiian struggle, Torres and Frontera were activists of Puerto Rican independence. They both were successful in the struggle to force the U.S. Navy off the island of Vieques, which was being used as a bomb range and weapon testing. Even under U.S. rule, Puerto Ricans don’t have all the same freedoms as Americans do, such as the right to vote in the presidential election.
I agree with Heather that autonomy and self-rule would only benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico if they put forth the necessary work. There are many tasks that must be completed when starting a new nation, including the choice of government and laws. As the Hawaiian article stated, they wanted to ensure that Hawaiians wouldn’t be encouraged to create casinos. However, the article also shows the determination of the Hawaiians which shows how much they want to be independent. In addition, as Elizabeth mentioned, statistics from the articles show how poorly both economies are doing now. If they received the freedom they want so badly, the economy might improve since they will be removed from the suppression they are currently experiencing from the United States.
Margaret Scalesci
Block-B
3-6-08
In a way the situation with Puerto Rico and Hawaii is very similar to the situation with the Native Americans. It seems that all three of these groups didn’t want the United States to interfere in their societies and were manipulated along the way. Among these groups of people, some are still upset and angered by their lands being taken over by the United States and don’t want to be considered apart of the U.S.
According to Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom by Tomas Alex, there are groups of people who don’t like tourists and aren’t afraid to say so. They really have a right to be this way because their land was taken over and they never asked for that to happen, but it still did. “Scattered throughout Waimanalo's neighborhoods are state flags hanging upside-down, a symbol of defiance.” This quote really spoke to me because it really shows their ambivalence towards being part of the United States. I am really surprised to know that Hawaiians really don’t want to be apart of the United States and this kind of upsets me. If they have such a problem with it then why doesn’t the U.S. just take them out of the fifty states, because I don’t understand why they would want Hawaii as a state if they don’t want to? “It would also initiate a process under which native Hawaiians could set up their own government, giving them the same nation-within-a-nation status as Indian tribes.” This seems what the Hawaiians really want, to be able to control some part of the government. “News cameras captured images of Kanahele armed not with guns but copies of President Clinton's newly signed "Apology Resolution," which acknowledged the U.S. role in overthrowing the monarchy.” This seems like it eased their pain a little bit because at least there was some acknowledgment in their monarchy being taken over by the U.S. I can understand why Hawaiian nationalists want the rule of their land back.
In a similar article FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement by Jessica Pupovac, Puerto Ricans are experiencing the same things as the Hawaiians. “Puerto Rico, currently a commonwealth, has been under U.S. control since 1898. Although Puerto Ricans are subject to U.S. laws, they have no representation in Congress and don't have the right to vote in presidential elections.” This seems a bit unfair because they are under control of the United States but they aren’t allowed to vote. This is wrong because in a way it’s like a double standard of the U.S. The U.S. is like “Oh, you’re apart of the U.S. but you’re not allowed to vote or make decisions.” Both Hawaii and Puerto Rico would benefit from having their own government because then they would feel like they are in control which is they way it is supposed to be.
I agree with Justin’s comment about not knowing that Hawaiians don’t want to be apart of the United States. It’s really shocking to find this out because I always thought that they were proud Americans just like most of the rest of America. Reading this article really opened my eyes to the truth about how they really feel about being apart of the American fifty. It would be so odd without them though, because then there would only be forty nine states and that doesn’t sound as good as fifty.
I also agree with Heather because I too feel that Hawaii and Puerto Rico would benefit from their own government.
Summaries of articles
Hawaii
The article “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” by Thomas Alex Tixon is about Hawaiian desire for sovereignty. Many native Hawaiian hate tourists who arrive. Some even believe that Americans are the cause of native Hawaiian poverty. 80% of native Hawaiians want Hawaii separate from the United States, as they want a return to the Hawaiian Monarchy that the US helped dismantle. Kanahale, a Hawaiian who managed to make his own territory with native rule, is hailed as a hero by many. Kanahale received a 45 acre parcel in the Koolau Mountains, and about 80 people live their with more sovereignty than other Hawaiians. The area has it’s own courts, and a group of four women run it and enforce rule. "This is what sovereignty is to me," Kanahale said. "Standing here on your land, not owing anything to anybody, not being afraid of anyone, knowing you fought the right fight with attitude. With rising desire for Hawaiian indepencence among natives, is a revolt inevitable?
Puerto Rico
The article “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac is about a Puerto Rican independence. With the death of an independence leader Filiberto Ojeda Rios, some believe Puerto Rico’s small independence movement will continue to gain steam. This is because the constant oppression of people will eventually lead to a revolt. The US has constantly been limiting independence movement in Puerto Rico by incriminating those in the movement for the littlest of reasons. The FBI even searches vagariously to incriminate these folk, and if they fail, the people are incriminated on charges like seditious Conspiracy. Carlos Alberto for example is still in jail for seditious conspiracy after 27 years.
"Sometimes, the more you repress people and try to stifle dissent, you create more consciousness, and it has the opposite effect that the government would want,” states Jose Lopez.
In your opinion, would autonomy and self-rule benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico or exacerbate poverty and other problems that exist in these areas today? Explain using support from the article, your knowledge of history and any outside sources that you may use to further research this assignment. If you read other sources, be sure to cite the URL or newssource in your post.
Autonomy and self-rule definitely will benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico. For one, both articles mention the growing hate towards Americans by Hawaiians and Puerto Ricans, so this simply illustrates the inevitability of independence. This is because no unhappy group will go about unhappy without taking action and eventually achieving desired goals. After independence is gained, both new nations will suffer for a while, since American power in the form of money, food, etc wont be there to help these areas. After a while though, these new nations will learn to flourish independently Thus, over time, the percentage in poverty will decrease, as both nations will finally have a chance to properly provide its people with the power it has needed since US takeover. The only problem I see emerging is the possibility of a despot leader coming to power which will most likely exacerbate poverty.
Out of the two countries we read about which would you prefer to live in? Why?
out of Hawaii and Puerto Rico, I would probably choose Hawaii to live in. The area has many places that I have always wanted to visit. Also, it would be itneresting to meet the group of people that live in the mountains that get certain benefits and live basically autonomally.
Heather: E
Jakub: E
Elizabeth: E
Liana: E
Ashley: E
Theresa: E
Qadeem (Welcome to AP!): E
Kasey:G+
John: E- : use paragraph breaks!
Sam: G
Rachel: E
Justin: E- (note that not ALL Hawaiians or Puerto Ricans demand self-rule)
Jaclyn: E
Margaret: E
Sarah: E
Marco: E
Ms. Francis you didn't grade my post =(
Dominique D. Johnson
Block B. AP U.S. history
Sorry for the late blog
U.S imperialism in Puerto Rico and Hawaii is unjust; in fact it is rather disgusting, since these two countries don’t have the same rights as Americans. They can’t even take part in voting for an American president. These two courtiers have two totally different customs from America and thus far should be independent. I guess the pride of America comes for colonization and their voyage to make every country in the world a democratic country.
In the future, I could see Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and Mexico rebelling and fighting for independence through war, since an agreement to independent couldn't be settled by talking it out. American is perhaps hypercritical when it comes to colonization, since it once was in the same boat as Puerto Rica, Hawaii, Mexico, and other colonies of the US. The U.S. considers some countries as barbaric and should become more like America. This is an instant replay history repeating itself of the "Native Americans being forced to what the white man does because it is the only way".
“Rebuilding a Hawaii Kingdom” by Tomas Alex emphasizes Hawaii as its own nation that has traditional beliefs that is being stepped all over and spit on by the U.S. government. Hawaiians are taught the Hawaiian language first and the history. Hawaii is looked at as being a tourist, honeymoon spot where Hawaiians love Americans and their ways. But the truth of the matter is Hawaiians are angry with America for robbing there culture and leaving them helpless. The new breed of generation would perhaps form rebellious groups after learning the history of the robbery of their land.
“FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac expresses the Puerto Rican view of being independent. American’s being selfish, doesn’t care about Puerto Rico’s pride and hunger to be independent. Puerto Ricans believe that by having a self government and being an independent country would help build up their economy since they have desirable resources and build up their society. Puerto Rico has been under U.S. control since
1898. Puerto Ricans have to follow the U.S. laws. However, they have no representation in Congress.
It seems almost like a competition to be the most powerful country in the world by colonizing. We talk about the tragedy of stealing the land from the natives, yet we are doing the same to Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and all other colonies of America. We are burying their culture and forcing them to follow our own.Granting independence to either country would probably not reduce poverty right away. But, being an independent nation would eventually reduce the poverty rate and crisis today that can’t be resolved with the American occupation. I’m sure there are ideas among the people that would reduce the poverty rate and other problems that is just being ignored by the U.S. government.
Response to Jakub:
I would not want to live in neither country since I would feel guilty for either country for America stripping their pride and dignity from them.
Dominique- E-: This post is rich in analysis and detail. Phenomenal work (late.)
Anam- Sorry! G+: thoughtful and detailed.
Hi,
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